Search results for " Atomic Force Microscopy"

showing 10 items of 56 documents

Nuclear inclusions of pathogenic ataxin-1 induce oxidative stress and perturb the protein synthesis machinery

2020

Spinocerebellar ataxia type-1 (SCA1) is caused by an abnormally expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in ataxin-1. These expansions are responsible for protein misfolding and self-assembly into intranuclear inclusion bodies (IIBs) that are somehow linked to neuronal death. However, owing to lack of a suitable cellular model, the downstream consequences of IIB formation are yet to be resolved. Here, we describe a nuclear protein aggregation model of pathogenic human ataxin-1 and characterize IIB effects. Using an inducible Sleeping Beauty transposon system, we overexpressed the ATXN1(Q82) gene in human mesenchymal stem cells that are resistant to the early cytotoxic effects caused by the expr…

0301 basic medicineSCA1 Spinocerebellar ataxia type-1Intranuclear Inclusion BodiesClinical BiochemistryMSC mesenchymal stem cellProtein aggregationBiochemistry0302 clinical medicineMutant proteinProtein biosynthesisDE differentially expressed genesNuclear proteinlcsh:QH301-705.5FTIR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopyAtaxin-1lcsh:R5-920biologyChemistryNuclear ProteinspolyQ polyglutamineRibosomeCell biologySB Sleeping BeautyRibosome ; Polyglutamine ; Ataxin-1 ; Oxidative stress ; Transposon ; Sleeping beauty transposon ; Protein networkSpinocerebellar ataxiaProtein foldingCellular modelFunction and Dysfunction of the Nervous Systemlcsh:Medicine (General)Research PaperiPSC induced pluripotent stem cellAtaxin 1Nerve Tissue ProteinsPPI protein-protein interaction03 medical and health sciencesROS reactive oxygen speciesProtein networkSleeping beauty transposonGSEA Gene Set Enrichment AnalysismedicineHumansNPC neural progenitor cellOrganic Chemistrymedicine.diseaseAFM atomic force microscopyOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)IIBs intranuclear inclusion bodiesMS mass spectrometryCardiovascular and Metabolic Diseasesbiology.proteinPolyglutamine030217 neurology & neurosurgery
researchProduct

Investigation of TiO<sub>2</sub> Ceramic Surface Conductivity Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

2012

Dense TiO2 (rutile) ceramic samples were prepared by sintering compacts of titanium dioxide anatase powder at 1500 °C for 5h. Sintered samples were polished and annealed in vacuum at 1000 °C for 1h. Structural properties of the samples were studied by X-ray diffraction, polarized light and scanning electron microscopy. The surface topography and local electrical conductivity of the samples were investigated by atomic force microscopy technique under atmospheric conditions. Enhanced electrical conductivity was observed at grain boundaries while the polished, vacuum annealed grains surface showed non-homogeneous conductivity.

AnataseMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeMechanical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryConductive atomic force microscopyConductivitySurface conductivityMechanics of Materialsvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceGrain boundaryCeramicPhotoconductive atomic force microscopyKey Engineering Materials
researchProduct

Electric and elastic properties of conductive polymeric nanocomposites on macro- and nanoscales

2002

Abstract In the past several years, the macroscopic electric and elastic properties of conductive polymeric composites have been studied from the viewpoint of such applications as thermistors and pressure sensors. In particular, we studied carbon black (CB) polymeric nanocomposites on macro- and nanoscales, using polyisoprene as the composite matrix. The filler component was an extra conductive carbon black (PRINTEX XE2, DEGUSSA) with a primary particle diameter of about 30 nm. A very strong reversible tensoresistive effect of electric resistance dependence on uniaxial tension deformation was observed in composites with the 10 carbon black mass parts added to 100 mass parts of polyisoprene.…

BiomaterialsNanocompositeMaterials scienceElectrical resistance and conductanceMechanics of MaterialsThermistorShore durometerBioengineeringConductive atomic force microscopyCarbon blackDeformation (engineering)Composite materialElectrical conductorMaterials Science and Engineering: C
researchProduct

Determining cantilever stiffness from thermal noise

2013

We critically discuss the extraction of intrinsic cantilever properties, namely eigenfrequency fn, quality factor Qn and specifically the stiffness kn of the nth cantilever oscillation mode from thermal noise by an analysis of the power spectral density of displacement fluctuations of the cantilever in contact with a thermal bath. The practical applicability of this approach is demonstrated for several cantilevers with eigenfrequencies ranging from 50 kHz to 2 MHz. As such an analysis requires a sophisticated spectral analysis, we introduce a new method to determine kn from a spectral analysis of the demodulated oscillation signal of the excited cantilever that can be performed in the frequ…

CantileverMaterials scienceAcousticsInstrumentationGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnologythermal excitationlcsh:Chemical technologylcsh:TechnologySignal530Full Research PaperstiffnessQuality (physics)medicineNanotechnologylcsh:TP1-1185General Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringlcsh:Sciencecantileverlcsh:TOscillationSpectral densityStiffnessQ-factornoncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM)lcsh:QC1-999spectral analysisNanoscienceresonanceQ factorlcsh:Qmedicine.symptomAFMlcsh:Physics
researchProduct

Scanning force microscopy based rapid force curve acquisition on supported lipid bilayers: experiments and simulations using pulsed force mode.

2004

In situ pulsed force mode scanning force microscopy (PFM-SFM) images of phase separated solid-supported lipid bilayers are discussed with the help of computer simulations. Simultaneous imaging of material properties and topography in a liquid environment by means of PFM-SFM is severely hampered by hydrodynamic damping of the cantilever. Stiffness and adhesion images of solid-supported membranes consisting of cholesterol, sphingomyelin, and 1,2-dioleyl-phosphatidylcholine obtained in aqueous solution exhibit contrast inversion of adhesion and stiff. ness images depending on parameters such as driving frequency, amplitude, and trigger setting. Simulations using a simple harmonic oscillator mo…

Cantileverbusiness.industryChemistryLipid BilayersPhase (waves)StiffnessSimple harmonic motionMicroscopy Atomic ForceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSphingomyelinsScanning probe microscopyOpticsCholesterolmedicinePhosphatidylcholinesComputer SimulationPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrymedicine.symptombusinessMaterial propertiesLipid bilayerNon-contact atomic force microscopyChemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry
researchProduct

Direct atomic layer deposition of ultrathin aluminium oxide on monolayer $MoS_2$ exfoliated on gold: the role of the substrate

2021

In this paper we demonstrated the thermal Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) growth at 250 {\deg}C of highly homogeneous and ultra-thin ($\approx$ 3.6 nm) $Al_2O_3$ films with excellent insulating properties directly onto a monolayer (1L) $MoS_2$ membrane exfoliated on gold. Differently than in the case of 1L $MoS_2$ supported by a common insulating substrate ($Al_2O_3/Si$), a better nucleation process of the high-k film was observed on the 1L $MoS_2/Au$ system since the ALD early stages. Atomic force microscopy analyses showed a $\approx 50\%$ $Al_2O_3$ surface coverage just after 10 ALD cycles, its increasing up to $>90\%$ (after 40 cycles), and an uniform $\approx$ 3.6 nm film, after 80 cycle…

Condensed Matter - Materials Scienceatomic force microscopyPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceAtomic force microscopyMechanical EngineeringSubstrate (chemistry)Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Applied PhysicsConductive atomic force microscopyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)conductive atomic force microscopyAtomic layer depositionsymbols.namesakeChemical engineeringMechanics of Materialsatomic layer depositionRaman spectroscopyMonolayersymbolsphotoluminescenceMoS2Raman spectroscopyAluminum oxide
researchProduct

Strain, doping and electronic transport of large area monolayer MoS2 exfoliated on gold and transferred to an insulating substrate

2021

Gold-assisted mechanical exfoliation currently represents a promising method to separate ultra-large (cm-scale) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) monolayers (1L) with excellent electronic and optical properties from the parent van der Waals (vdW) crystals. The strong interaction between $Au$ and chalcogen atoms is the key to achieve this nearly perfect 1L exfoliation yield. On the other hand, it may affect significantly the doping and strain of 1L TMDs in contact with Au. In this paper, we systematically investigated the morphology, strain, doping, and electrical properties of large area 1L $MoS_{2}$ exfoliated on ultra-flat $Au$ films ($0.16-0.21 nm$ roughness) and finally transferre…

Condensed Matter - Materials Sciencestraingold-assisted exfoliationMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesphotoluminescencedopingconductive atomic force microscopyMoS2Raman
researchProduct

Towards the origin of the shear force in near-field microscopy

2001

The shear force from a gold or a graphite sample acting on an approaching near-field optical probe is studied in detail. The adiabatic and dissipative contributions to the force are clearly distinguished by monitoring the amplitude as well as the phase of the tip vibration when the tip approaches the surfaces. We also take into account that not only the damping and the resonance frequency but also the mass of the system changes when the tip approaches the surface. The relative strength of the contributions to the force varies differently but characteristically with the distance of the two samples, starting at a much larger distance in the case of graphite. The adiabatic contribution is lar…

Condensed matter physicsbusiness.industryChemistryElectrostatic force microscopeShear forceGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyAtomic force acoustic microscopyConductive atomic force microscopyOpticsAmplitudeNear-field scanning optical microscopeAdiabatic processbusinessNon-contact atomic force microscopy
researchProduct

Metal/Semiconductor Barrier Properties of Non-Recessed Ti/Al/Ti and Ta/Al/Ta Ohmic Contacts on AlGaN/GaN Heterostructures

2019

This paper compares the metal/semiconductor barrier height properties of non-recessed Ti/Al/Ti and Ta/Al/Ta contacts on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures. Both contacts exhibited a rectifying behavior after deposition and after annealing at temperatures up to 550 &deg

Control and OptimizationMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistryEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologylcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAlGaN/GaNTa/Al/TaTi/Al/Ti0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringEngineering (miscellaneous)Ohmic contact010302 applied physicslcsh:TBarrier heightRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryContact resistanceohmic contactsHeterojunctionConductive atomic force microscopyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructureOhmic contactSemiconductor0210 nano-technologybusinessEnergy (miscellaneous)HillockEnergies
researchProduct

Scanning probe microscopies applied to the study of the domain wall in a ferroelectric crystal.

2007

Summary Scanning near-field optical microscopy is capable of measuring the topography and optical signals at the same time. This fact makes this technique a valuable tool in the study of materials at nanometric scale and, in particular, of ferroelectric materials, as it permits the study of their domains structure without the need of chemical etching and, therefore, not damaging the surface (as will be demonstrated later). We have measured the scanning near-field optical microscopy transmission, as well as the topography, of an RbTiOPO4 single crystalline slab, which exhibits two different of macroscopic ferroelectric domains. A chemical selective etching has been performed to distinguish b…

HistologyMaterials sciencebusiness.industryScanning confocal electron microscopyScanning capacitance microscopyIsotropic etchingPathology and Forensic MedicinePiezoresponse force microscopyOpticsScanning ion-conductance microscopyNear-field scanning optical microscopebusinessNon-contact atomic force microscopyVibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopyJournal of microscopy
researchProduct